Flying-machine.



S'. L. BUCHANAN.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLIOATIONTIYLED APR.10,' 1911.

' Patefited Dec. 2,1913.

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y W@ lam 1 S. L. BUCHANAN. FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1911.

1,080,195. v Patented Dc.2,1913.

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FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APR.10, 1911'.

1,080, 1 95. Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

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FLYiNG-MAQHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patent- 3d 13 .2, 1913.

Application filed April 10, 1911. Serial ratios.

To all whom it may cancer-1i:

Be it known that I, Samoan L. BU- GHANAN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Valparaiso, in. the

county of Porter and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying-Machines; and ldo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in flying machines and more particularly to the guiding mechanism of the same and its object is to provide the device with improved means for maintaining the aeroplanes horizontal, improved means for op erating the rudders of the machine, and to provide the same with various new and useful features as hereinafter described and clearly pointed out in the claim, as will more fully appear by reference to the accompanying drawings in which z- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 a front elevation of the same; Fig. 3 a detail of the balancing mechanism for maintaining the planes horizontal; Fig. 4 a detail of the operating mechanism for the horizontal rucb der; Fig. 5 the same for the vertical rudder: Fig. 6 a detail in elevation of a portion of the rudder operating mechanism; and Fig. 7 a plan view of the same with portions broken away to show the construction.

Like numbers refer to like parts in all of the figures.

' 1 represents the aeroplanes of a flying machine, the style shown being a biplane. Obviously a monoplane would not change the essential character of the invention.

9 are ailerons .for maintaining the aeroplanes horizontal. Of these there are pref-.

erably two at each outer end of each aeroplane, one mounted in front of the other, and each on the outer end of a rock shaft extending inward toward the middle of the machine and thence bent at right angles to form levers as at 4. Pivotedto each lever at its upper end is a connecting rod 5 extending downward and pivoted at the lower end to the outer end of an arm 6 extending from a shaft 7 provided with a lever 8 to oscillate the same, the ailerons at the respective sides of the machine being connected to arms projecting toward the same from the shaft 7 whereby as the shaft is oscillated by the lever theailerons at the respective ends of the planes are.,inclined oppositely from the horizontal whereby as theaeroplane uses at one end and descends at the other, by maintaining the substantially vertical position of the lever 8 the shaft 7 will be so oscillated as to incline the ailerons 2 down- 9 represents horizontal rudders attached to a horizontal shaft at their front, and 10 a vertical rudder pivoted on a vertical axis at its front. A forwardly projecting arm 11 is fixed on this shaft to which arm is attached a vertically extended rod 12 adapted toraise and lower the forward'end of the arm 11 and thus oscillate the rudders 9. To the upper end of the rod 12 are attached two cords or cables 13 and 1 1, one of which extends upward over a pulley 15'and the other downward over a pulley 16. These cables thence extend forward to a convenient location where they are attached to a pendulum shaft 17 at opposite sides of its axis and atequal distances therefrom, whereby as the shaft is oscillated as a pendulum the rudders 9 will be oscillated vertically. The pendulum shaft 17 is journaled in a horlzontally disposed rocker 18 having a longitudinal slot therein in which are oppositely projecting arms 20 mounted in the shaft 17. To these arms are attached cords 21 which extend back to the rudder 10 and are attached thereto at their rear ends and extended oppositely from the rudder 10 over pulleys 22. Thus when the shaft 17 is r0 tated by the hand wheel 19 these arms will move the cords oppositely and thus turn the rudder 10 to the right or left about its axis. The peration thus being, that when the shaft 17 is swung as a pendulum the horizontal rudders are turned up and down so that swinging the shaft 17 forward guides the machine upward and swinging it rearward guides the machine downward. At the same time by turning the hand Wheel 10 to the right or left the vertical rudder is turned to guide the machine to the right or left as the case may be. The balancing and guiding of the machine is thus by this 7 arm, pulleys res ectivel mechanism made very simple and obvious, as will readily be understood.

What I claim is A flying machine, comprising a vertical rudder extending forward of its axis, a horizontal rudder at each side of the vertical rudder, a shaft on which the horizontal rudders are mounted, an arm on the shaft and projecting forward therefrom, a rod proecting upward from the forward end of the above and below the upper end 0 the ro cords attached to the rod and extending over the ulleys and thence forward, a pendulum s aft intermediately pivoted to turn on a horizontal axis to which the cords are attached respectively above and below the said axis, op-

positely projecting arms on the pendulum shaft, pulleys at opposite sides of the front end of the vertical rudder and cords attached to the arms and extending over said pulleys and thence attached to the front end of the vertical rudder.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SAMUEL L. BUCHANAN.

C. W. WADE. 

